The math dots really interested me as well. Recently I've been planning on writing a program that would simulate the math dot cards. Its interesting because I had planned this before ever even knowing about these dot games. My first exposure to this concept was from a little blue book called "Raja Yoga". It describes a game for improving the mind where you essentially flip dominoes over and call out how many dots you see. As you get faster, you flip more dominoes at a time and can group larger collection of dots in a glance. Instead of seeing 3 + 4 + 5 + 4, you see 7 + 9 and so on. After about one week I was flipping 10-12 dominoes at a time and calling out a correct answer within about 2 seconds. I was totally surprised at such rapid progress.
What was really fascinating was when I tried to call out an answer before I had consciously added them together. In essence as soon as I flipped them I'd guess. 80% of the time I was no more than 2 or 3 off, often getting the correct answer. Makes you wonder about all that subconscious mumbo jumbo. . .